The Irish history and origin of the Costello family I am from
HISTORY OF THE BARONS OF NAVAN
From "A Short History of the Nangle Family" By Lt Col Frank Nangle - 1986
There have been 23 Barons of Navan, starting with Jocelyn De Angulo in 1172/73 and ending with Francis Nangle who died in Vienna in 1781. The first Nangles to come to Ireland were Gilbert De Angulo, his brother Jordon and his son Jocelyn. They were members of a large force under Hugh De Lacy which accompanied Henry II of England when he came to Ireland in October 1171. One of the reasons for the King's coming to Ireland was to check the increasing power of Strongbow (The Earl of Pembroke). With that object in view he established Hugh De Lacy in the Earldom or Palatinate of Meath, with full sovereignty. Hugh De Lacy's territory corresponded to the ancient Irish Kingdom of Meath and comprised the modern counties of Meath and Westmeath as well as parts of counties Cavan, Dublin, Kildare, Longford, Louth and Offaly.
Once established Hugh De Lacy proceeded to divide up his newly acquired territory into Feudal grants to his chief followers. To Gilbert De Angulo he gave the lands of Magherigalon, later to be known as the Barony of Morgallion in the north of County Meath. There Gilbert built the mote at Nobber which can still be seen today besude the R 162 road. Jocelyn was granted Navan and the adjacent lands of Ardbraccan. He built a large mote at Navan the remains of which are also still extant. Jordan De Angulo does not seem to have been included in the grants. It appears that at an early date he became involved in the turbulent affairs of Connaught where he established himself to become the ancestor of one of the families of MacJordan or Jordan.
There is documentary evidence of the first Gilbert De Angulo and his brother Jordan in a charter dated 1177 to which they were witnesses, granting the lands of Howth to Almeric, the ancestor of the St. Lawrence family. After that Gilbert fades out of the picture, although in some accounts he is confused with his grandson, also Gilbert. It is possible the first Gilbert returned to Angle after Jordan and Gilbert had established themselves in Ireland.
Jocelyn De Angulo, in addition to receiving grants of land also had on him conferred on him the title of Baron of Navan and became one of the ten palatinate Barons of the Pale. It was a title which was held by successive members of the family for the next six hundred years until the late eighteenth century. He was suceeded by his son Gilbert De Angulo, a very turbulent man who took service with Cathal Crovderg, King of Connaught. He is described by Prof. Curtis, the eminent historian, as an "aristocratic mercenary". Although he succeeded his father to become the 2nd Baron of Navan, he spent most of his time in Connaught and was continualy involved in raids and affrays both with the native Irish and against the Normans. He was the first to be described by Geraldus Cambrensis as having become "Hibernis ipsis Hiberniores" that is to say more Irish than the Irish themselves. He was outlawed in 1195/96 but was pardoned by King John some nine or ten years later, though he never recovered the forefeited lands of Morgallion. He was eventually killed in 1212/13 fighting at a 'castle', which was probably little more than a palisade, which he had built somewhere near Ballyshannon or Belleek on the border between Connaught and Tyrconnell. In the Irish annals Gilbert De Angulo was known as MacOisdealbh or MacGoisdelbh (i.e. son of Jocelyn) the name which was given to his descendants in Connaught. It was rendered back into English as MacCostello, which in time became Costello.
Jocelyn had a second son, Richard, who settled in County Cork, becoming the ancestor of the Nagles. So at an early stage the Nangle family was divided into three main branches or Septs namely the Nangles of Leinster, the Nagles of Munster and the Costellos of Connaught.
Tomco footnote [ My great grandfather Patrick Costello came from County of Cork]
Up to the middle of the thirteenth century Gilbert's successors as Barons of Navan, namely William, Philip, and Milo De Angulo were recognized as heads of the whole family including the Costellos and Nagles. After Milo De Angulo, the 5th Baron of Navan, however, the Costellos of Connaught became a distinct and seperate branch of the family, with Philip, a younger son of Milo, and his descendents at their head.
It is recorded that William De Angulo, 3rd Baron of Navan also held lands in Kilbixie in Westmeath at the beginning of the 13th Century. These lands passed to his successors down to John De Angulo, styled Lord of Kilbixie and Ardsallagh, 8th Baron of Navan. While his eldest son Barnaby De Naungle succeeded him as 9th Baron of Navan, his second son Walter De Naungle inherited the manor of Kilbixie in the 14th Century and became the ancestor of the Kilbixie branch of the Nangle family.
The early Barons of Navan not only maintained their lands in County Meath and continued their involvement in Connaught but also apparently kept up the link with Angle in Pembrokeshire. Philip, 4th Baron of Navan, is reputed to have visited his 'castle' there. There are still extant at Angle a small fortified tower and a "Norman" Columbarium which may be the remains of that castle.
The name De Angulo continued to be applied to members of the family until the first half of the 14th Century, the last Baron of Navan to be so described was John De Angulo, the 8th Baron. The next four Barons were designated De Naungle and it is not until the beginning of the 15th Century that we find Walter, 13th Baron of Navan referred to as Nangle, the name which is thereafter invariably used.
The early Barons of Navan were concerned with the founding or reviving of a number of religious establishments. The first of these was St. Mary's Abbey at Navan, founded in about 1189 by Jocelyn De Angulo, 1st Baron of Navan, on a site of an earlier Celtic monastry. A number of its Abbots were members of the Nangle family. Other foundations included a Chantry near Bective in County Meath and in County Mayo an Augustinian Convent at Ballyhaunis and a House of the Order of Predicant Friars at Urlaur, built by Philip De Angulo.
Although an unbroken succession of the Barons of Navan can be traced from Jocelyn De Angulo the first Baron of Navan at the end of the twelth century to Francis, the twenty third Baron, who died in Vienna in 1781, not a great deal has been recorded about their doings, particulary before 1600. It is, however, apparent that they continued to be embroiled in the fighting and raids which were all too frequent part of life in Ireland, particulary outside the Pale. Occassional glimpses of them and other Nangles are to be found in the records of the period. In 1328 a John Nangle was killed near Mullingar in fighting between a force led by Sir Thomas Butler and the local Irish under the MacGeoghegan. He may have been John De Angulo of Connacht, who was the grandson of Jordan, 7th Baron of Navan. More than a hundred years later another John Nangle, 16th Baron of Navan, and Richard Nangle, the Abbot of Navan, supported Lambert Simnel, pretender to the throne of England, who was crowned in Dublin in 1486/7. After that abortive insurrection they were among the chief men of Ireland who did homage to Henry VII before Sir Richard Edgecombe. He was sent to Ireland to restore the allegiance of those who had defected by supporting Lamber Simnel. This John Nangle is mentioned in the Book of Howth in an account of the Battle of Knoctoe in 1504, which states: - "MacSweeny struck Darcy such a blow upon the head that he put Darcy upon his knee; that Nangle, Baron of Navan, being a lusty gentleman, that day gave MacSweeny such payment that he was satisfied for ever after". Another Richard Nangle, who died in 1541, was appointed Bishop of Clonfert at different times both by Hanry VIII and the Pope. This appointment was the cause of much controversy and of his abduction by a rival. In consequence he never entered into possession of the see. In 1577 Patrick Nangle, 18th Baron of Navan, was imprisoned for a time in Dublin Castle for objecting to paying taxes.
Notwithstanding that little is known of the activities of the Barons of Navan during this period, a number of their marriages are recorded. These indicate that from an early date they allied themselves with families of influence both "Norman" and "Irish". For example in the thirteenth century Milo De Angulo, 5th Baron of Navan, married Eleanor daughter of Hugh De Lacy and their daughter, also Eleanor, married Aed Bui O'Neill, who assumed the title of King of all the Irish. Such alliances continued to be made and in the course of time the Barons of Navan became connected by marriage to many of the principle families of the Pale. One such marriage is of particular interest from a genealogical point of view, namely that of Sir Thomas Nangle, 17th Baron of Navan. Early in the sixteenth century he married Elizabeth, the eldest daughter of Jenico Preston, 3rd Viscount Gormanstown, and his wife Catherine, who was the eldest daughter of Gerald, 9th Earl of Kildare. Through this connection the descendants of Sir Thomas Nangle can claim descent from William the Conqueror and on through hios wife Matilda from the Emperor Charlemange. The details of this connection are given in volume II of "The Royal Families of England, Scotland and Wales", by John Burke, published in 1851.
No doubt as a result of some of these marriages the Nangles added to the lands originally granted to them. By the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries their holdings of land were very considerable and included Ardbraccan and Ardsallaghg near Navan in Co. Meath, Kilbixy and ballycorky on the borders of Westmeath and Longford between Mullingar and Longford and later the manor of Ballysax in Co. Kildare. The greater part, if not all these lands were forfeited in the confiscations of the seventeenth century.
The seventeeth century was a period of crisis not only for Ireland as a whole but also for the Nangle family and the Barons of Navan in particular. At the beginning of the century Peter Nangle, a Franciscan friar and younger son of Sir Thomas Nangle, 17th Baron of Navan, was in the train of the Great Hugh O'Neill. Peter Nangle is reputed to havebeen the tutor to two of Hugh O'Neill's sons and also to have been used by him as an emissary in his affairs. In consequence he was involved in the events leading up to "the flight of the Earls," in 1607.
His nephew, Sir Thomas Nangle, the 19th Baron, was implicated in the rising of the Irish Confederation and in 1641 was present at a meeting at Tara of the chief men of County Meath with the Earl of Fingall and Lord Gormanstown to consider the maintenance of the Irish Army. In the following year he was attained for High Treason and was explelled from the irish House of Commons, in which he was one of the two members for Navan. As a result he forfeited much of his property. By then Sir Thomas was sixty-two years of age and no more is recorded of him. It is not known if he died in ireland or went abroad, but it is clear that after him the barons of Navan ceased to be of consequence in Ireland, although their connection with Ireland was not finally severed for another three generations.
Sir Thomas was succeeded by his second son George Nangle, who became the 20th Baron of Navan. In about 1660 George Nangle married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Patrick Fox of Rathreagh, Co. Longford, who had also forfeited his property at the time of the Commonwealth. He died in 1676 and was followed by John Nangle, the eldest of his three sons, who became the 21st Baron while still a minor.
John married Christiana, daughter of Christopher Cusak of Rathaldron. The Cusaks were a Co. Meath family with which the Nangles became closely related through marriage over a period of at least three centuries. They, like the Nangles, traced their descent from one of the ten palatinate barons to whom Hugh De Lacy gave territorial grants in the twelfth century. John and Christiana had two sons and four daughters. Their eldest son Thomas was born at Aedsallagh, Co. Meath, on the 23rd December 1688. John Nangle was made Portrieve of Navan under James II's new charter. In 1691 he was attained. However there appears to be no record of his being involved in the Williamite war in Ireland, although several other Nangles served as Officers in James II's army. It is possible that he left Ireland shortly after the birth of his eldest son. There is however no record of when or where he died.
Thomas Nangle, who in due course succeeded his father to become the 22nd Baron of Navan, spent most of his life in France serving in the Regiment de Berwick of the Irish Brigade. In the archives of the Ministere de la Guerre in Paris there is an outline of his record of service, which also gives the place and date of his birth, and we are indebted to Mr. JL Garland for a copy of the relevant extract referring to him. He entered the French service as a Cadet when he was nearly twenty-four years of age, on the 6th November 1712 and was an officer in the Irish Brigade for the greater part of the next forty years. he did, however, spend a considerable time on the reserve both as a Lieutenant and later as a Captain. He is reputed to have been at one time in the train of James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender" and to have been at Rothesay on the island of Bute in 1720 when his son Francis was born there. This could have been the case while he was on the reserve but that is a matter of conjecture. Who his wife was it is not known nor is it recorded whether or not he had any other children. In May 1745 he took part in the Battle of Fontenoy, in which he was wounded. Soon afterwards he was made a Chevalier De Saint Louis. The date of his death is not known but it was probably some time between 1752 and 1757.
His son Francis, at the age of sixteen, entered the Imperial Austrian Service, in which he acquitted himself with some distinction during the next thirty-five years. While serving as a Captain in the 4th Hesse-Darmstadt Dragoons he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Maria Theresa for his bravery at the Battle of Breslau in 1757 during the Seven Years War against Frederick the Great. Three years later he was wounded at the Battle of Torgau. He retired as Lieutenant Colonel in 1771, having previously assumed the title of Baron on the death of his father. Ten years later he died a bachelor in Vienna on the 10th October 1781, the 23rd and last Baron of Navan.
From "A Short History of the Nangle Family" By Lt Col Frank Nangle - 1986
There have been 23 Barons of Navan, starting with Jocelyn De Angulo in 1172/73 and ending with Francis Nangle who died in Vienna in 1781. The first Nangles to come to Ireland were Gilbert De Angulo, his brother Jordon and his son Jocelyn. They were members of a large force under Hugh De Lacy which accompanied Henry II of England when he came to Ireland in October 1171. One of the reasons for the King's coming to Ireland was to check the increasing power of Strongbow (The Earl of Pembroke). With that object in view he established Hugh De Lacy in the Earldom or Palatinate of Meath, with full sovereignty. Hugh De Lacy's territory corresponded to the ancient Irish Kingdom of Meath and comprised the modern counties of Meath and Westmeath as well as parts of counties Cavan, Dublin, Kildare, Longford, Louth and Offaly.
Once established Hugh De Lacy proceeded to divide up his newly acquired territory into Feudal grants to his chief followers. To Gilbert De Angulo he gave the lands of Magherigalon, later to be known as the Barony of Morgallion in the north of County Meath. There Gilbert built the mote at Nobber which can still be seen today besude the R 162 road. Jocelyn was granted Navan and the adjacent lands of Ardbraccan. He built a large mote at Navan the remains of which are also still extant. Jordan De Angulo does not seem to have been included in the grants. It appears that at an early date he became involved in the turbulent affairs of Connaught where he established himself to become the ancestor of one of the families of MacJordan or Jordan.
There is documentary evidence of the first Gilbert De Angulo and his brother Jordan in a charter dated 1177 to which they were witnesses, granting the lands of Howth to Almeric, the ancestor of the St. Lawrence family. After that Gilbert fades out of the picture, although in some accounts he is confused with his grandson, also Gilbert. It is possible the first Gilbert returned to Angle after Jordan and Gilbert had established themselves in Ireland.
Jocelyn De Angulo, in addition to receiving grants of land also had on him conferred on him the title of Baron of Navan and became one of the ten palatinate Barons of the Pale. It was a title which was held by successive members of the family for the next six hundred years until the late eighteenth century. He was suceeded by his son Gilbert De Angulo, a very turbulent man who took service with Cathal Crovderg, King of Connaught. He is described by Prof. Curtis, the eminent historian, as an "aristocratic mercenary". Although he succeeded his father to become the 2nd Baron of Navan, he spent most of his time in Connaught and was continualy involved in raids and affrays both with the native Irish and against the Normans. He was the first to be described by Geraldus Cambrensis as having become "Hibernis ipsis Hiberniores" that is to say more Irish than the Irish themselves. He was outlawed in 1195/96 but was pardoned by King John some nine or ten years later, though he never recovered the forefeited lands of Morgallion. He was eventually killed in 1212/13 fighting at a 'castle', which was probably little more than a palisade, which he had built somewhere near Ballyshannon or Belleek on the border between Connaught and Tyrconnell. In the Irish annals Gilbert De Angulo was known as MacOisdealbh or MacGoisdelbh (i.e. son of Jocelyn) the name which was given to his descendants in Connaught. It was rendered back into English as MacCostello, which in time became Costello.
Jocelyn had a second son, Richard, who settled in County Cork, becoming the ancestor of the Nagles. So at an early stage the Nangle family was divided into three main branches or Septs namely the Nangles of Leinster, the Nagles of Munster and the Costellos of Connaught.
Tomco footnote [ My great grandfather Patrick Costello came from County of Cork]
Up to the middle of the thirteenth century Gilbert's successors as Barons of Navan, namely William, Philip, and Milo De Angulo were recognized as heads of the whole family including the Costellos and Nagles. After Milo De Angulo, the 5th Baron of Navan, however, the Costellos of Connaught became a distinct and seperate branch of the family, with Philip, a younger son of Milo, and his descendents at their head.
It is recorded that William De Angulo, 3rd Baron of Navan also held lands in Kilbixie in Westmeath at the beginning of the 13th Century. These lands passed to his successors down to John De Angulo, styled Lord of Kilbixie and Ardsallagh, 8th Baron of Navan. While his eldest son Barnaby De Naungle succeeded him as 9th Baron of Navan, his second son Walter De Naungle inherited the manor of Kilbixie in the 14th Century and became the ancestor of the Kilbixie branch of the Nangle family.
The early Barons of Navan not only maintained their lands in County Meath and continued their involvement in Connaught but also apparently kept up the link with Angle in Pembrokeshire. Philip, 4th Baron of Navan, is reputed to have visited his 'castle' there. There are still extant at Angle a small fortified tower and a "Norman" Columbarium which may be the remains of that castle.
The name De Angulo continued to be applied to members of the family until the first half of the 14th Century, the last Baron of Navan to be so described was John De Angulo, the 8th Baron. The next four Barons were designated De Naungle and it is not until the beginning of the 15th Century that we find Walter, 13th Baron of Navan referred to as Nangle, the name which is thereafter invariably used.
The early Barons of Navan were concerned with the founding or reviving of a number of religious establishments. The first of these was St. Mary's Abbey at Navan, founded in about 1189 by Jocelyn De Angulo, 1st Baron of Navan, on a site of an earlier Celtic monastry. A number of its Abbots were members of the Nangle family. Other foundations included a Chantry near Bective in County Meath and in County Mayo an Augustinian Convent at Ballyhaunis and a House of the Order of Predicant Friars at Urlaur, built by Philip De Angulo.
Although an unbroken succession of the Barons of Navan can be traced from Jocelyn De Angulo the first Baron of Navan at the end of the twelth century to Francis, the twenty third Baron, who died in Vienna in 1781, not a great deal has been recorded about their doings, particulary before 1600. It is, however, apparent that they continued to be embroiled in the fighting and raids which were all too frequent part of life in Ireland, particulary outside the Pale. Occassional glimpses of them and other Nangles are to be found in the records of the period. In 1328 a John Nangle was killed near Mullingar in fighting between a force led by Sir Thomas Butler and the local Irish under the MacGeoghegan. He may have been John De Angulo of Connacht, who was the grandson of Jordan, 7th Baron of Navan. More than a hundred years later another John Nangle, 16th Baron of Navan, and Richard Nangle, the Abbot of Navan, supported Lambert Simnel, pretender to the throne of England, who was crowned in Dublin in 1486/7. After that abortive insurrection they were among the chief men of Ireland who did homage to Henry VII before Sir Richard Edgecombe. He was sent to Ireland to restore the allegiance of those who had defected by supporting Lamber Simnel. This John Nangle is mentioned in the Book of Howth in an account of the Battle of Knoctoe in 1504, which states: - "MacSweeny struck Darcy such a blow upon the head that he put Darcy upon his knee; that Nangle, Baron of Navan, being a lusty gentleman, that day gave MacSweeny such payment that he was satisfied for ever after". Another Richard Nangle, who died in 1541, was appointed Bishop of Clonfert at different times both by Hanry VIII and the Pope. This appointment was the cause of much controversy and of his abduction by a rival. In consequence he never entered into possession of the see. In 1577 Patrick Nangle, 18th Baron of Navan, was imprisoned for a time in Dublin Castle for objecting to paying taxes.
Notwithstanding that little is known of the activities of the Barons of Navan during this period, a number of their marriages are recorded. These indicate that from an early date they allied themselves with families of influence both "Norman" and "Irish". For example in the thirteenth century Milo De Angulo, 5th Baron of Navan, married Eleanor daughter of Hugh De Lacy and their daughter, also Eleanor, married Aed Bui O'Neill, who assumed the title of King of all the Irish. Such alliances continued to be made and in the course of time the Barons of Navan became connected by marriage to many of the principle families of the Pale. One such marriage is of particular interest from a genealogical point of view, namely that of Sir Thomas Nangle, 17th Baron of Navan. Early in the sixteenth century he married Elizabeth, the eldest daughter of Jenico Preston, 3rd Viscount Gormanstown, and his wife Catherine, who was the eldest daughter of Gerald, 9th Earl of Kildare. Through this connection the descendants of Sir Thomas Nangle can claim descent from William the Conqueror and on through hios wife Matilda from the Emperor Charlemange. The details of this connection are given in volume II of "The Royal Families of England, Scotland and Wales", by John Burke, published in 1851.
No doubt as a result of some of these marriages the Nangles added to the lands originally granted to them. By the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries their holdings of land were very considerable and included Ardbraccan and Ardsallaghg near Navan in Co. Meath, Kilbixy and ballycorky on the borders of Westmeath and Longford between Mullingar and Longford and later the manor of Ballysax in Co. Kildare. The greater part, if not all these lands were forfeited in the confiscations of the seventeenth century.
The seventeeth century was a period of crisis not only for Ireland as a whole but also for the Nangle family and the Barons of Navan in particular. At the beginning of the century Peter Nangle, a Franciscan friar and younger son of Sir Thomas Nangle, 17th Baron of Navan, was in the train of the Great Hugh O'Neill. Peter Nangle is reputed to havebeen the tutor to two of Hugh O'Neill's sons and also to have been used by him as an emissary in his affairs. In consequence he was involved in the events leading up to "the flight of the Earls," in 1607.
His nephew, Sir Thomas Nangle, the 19th Baron, was implicated in the rising of the Irish Confederation and in 1641 was present at a meeting at Tara of the chief men of County Meath with the Earl of Fingall and Lord Gormanstown to consider the maintenance of the Irish Army. In the following year he was attained for High Treason and was explelled from the irish House of Commons, in which he was one of the two members for Navan. As a result he forfeited much of his property. By then Sir Thomas was sixty-two years of age and no more is recorded of him. It is not known if he died in ireland or went abroad, but it is clear that after him the barons of Navan ceased to be of consequence in Ireland, although their connection with Ireland was not finally severed for another three generations.
Sir Thomas was succeeded by his second son George Nangle, who became the 20th Baron of Navan. In about 1660 George Nangle married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Patrick Fox of Rathreagh, Co. Longford, who had also forfeited his property at the time of the Commonwealth. He died in 1676 and was followed by John Nangle, the eldest of his three sons, who became the 21st Baron while still a minor.
John married Christiana, daughter of Christopher Cusak of Rathaldron. The Cusaks were a Co. Meath family with which the Nangles became closely related through marriage over a period of at least three centuries. They, like the Nangles, traced their descent from one of the ten palatinate barons to whom Hugh De Lacy gave territorial grants in the twelfth century. John and Christiana had two sons and four daughters. Their eldest son Thomas was born at Aedsallagh, Co. Meath, on the 23rd December 1688. John Nangle was made Portrieve of Navan under James II's new charter. In 1691 he was attained. However there appears to be no record of his being involved in the Williamite war in Ireland, although several other Nangles served as Officers in James II's army. It is possible that he left Ireland shortly after the birth of his eldest son. There is however no record of when or where he died.
Thomas Nangle, who in due course succeeded his father to become the 22nd Baron of Navan, spent most of his life in France serving in the Regiment de Berwick of the Irish Brigade. In the archives of the Ministere de la Guerre in Paris there is an outline of his record of service, which also gives the place and date of his birth, and we are indebted to Mr. JL Garland for a copy of the relevant extract referring to him. He entered the French service as a Cadet when he was nearly twenty-four years of age, on the 6th November 1712 and was an officer in the Irish Brigade for the greater part of the next forty years. he did, however, spend a considerable time on the reserve both as a Lieutenant and later as a Captain. He is reputed to have been at one time in the train of James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender" and to have been at Rothesay on the island of Bute in 1720 when his son Francis was born there. This could have been the case while he was on the reserve but that is a matter of conjecture. Who his wife was it is not known nor is it recorded whether or not he had any other children. In May 1745 he took part in the Battle of Fontenoy, in which he was wounded. Soon afterwards he was made a Chevalier De Saint Louis. The date of his death is not known but it was probably some time between 1752 and 1757.
His son Francis, at the age of sixteen, entered the Imperial Austrian Service, in which he acquitted himself with some distinction during the next thirty-five years. While serving as a Captain in the 4th Hesse-Darmstadt Dragoons he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Maria Theresa for his bravery at the Battle of Breslau in 1757 during the Seven Years War against Frederick the Great. Three years later he was wounded at the Battle of Torgau. He retired as Lieutenant Colonel in 1771, having previously assumed the title of Baron on the death of his father. Ten years later he died a bachelor in Vienna on the 10th October 1781, the 23rd and last Baron of Navan.
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